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张秋镇位于阳谷县城东四十华里金堤之畔,武松打虎景阳冈之旁,京杭大运河自北向南穿镇而过,为昔日南北水上交通要道。据清康熙《张秋镇志》记载:“张秋在河上五方辐辏,商贾云集”,故称“南有苏杭,北有临张(临清、张秋)”,是一个繁华重镇。 张秋木版年画自元代由山西传入,至今已有600年的历史。据史料记载,及文史专家考证,张秋木版年画为明清时期全国四大木版年画基地之一。张秋木版年画较之其它地方的年画有独到之处。其体裁广泛、形式多样,内容丰富、神韵超凡,线条粗犷流畅、圆中见方。人物造型夸张、形象丰满古朴,表情安详。张秋木版年画色彩厚重耐读,用色多达八色,即亮青、大红、二红、大绿、绛绿、丹红、黄、蓝。整个画面简约、大气,与现代人的审美观非常契合,极富视觉冲击力。 明清时期,张秋镇比较大的画店有源茂永、鲁兴聚、景顺和三家,小的有几十家。年画销往冀、鲁、豫及东北三省等地。清朝初期景顺和画店由张秋镇迁往东昌府(今聊城市),促成了东昌木版年画的发展。如今由于经济的发展,国家重视民族文化遗产,张秋木版年画又有了新的起色。在各级领导的关怀支持下,成立了专门的研究机构,明确以第十二代传人乔振霞为主要负责人,挖掘整理、印制、宣传张秋木版年画。 2006年张秋木版年画被列入山东省非物质文化遗产项目,2008年被列入全国第二批非物质文化遗产项目,同年12月份参加全国首届木板年画艺术节,独领风骚,受到专家学者的高度赞扬。2010年5月《张秋木版年画精品集》由中国文联出版社出版。2010年7月8日参加上海世博会,其间,中共中央政治局委员,上海市委书记,世博会组委会第一副主任委员、执委会主任俞正声,及山东省委副书记、省长姜大明等领导同志亲自到张秋木版年画展室参观,对其作品给予高度评价,并欣赏了张秋木版年画十二代传人乔振霞的技艺表演,连连称赞。国内外广大观众与之喝彩,《光明日报》、《国家文物报》、《齐鲁晚报》等多家媒体作了专题宣传。
The Brief Introduction of Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture
Zhangqiu lies by Jindi(Golden Bank), 20 kilometres east of yanggu, well known for Wusong fighting a tiger with hands. The Grand Canal runs through Zhangqiu, making Zhangqiu an important town along the Canal. Hitotical data says, "Zhangqiu is on the Canal, converging everywhere, crowded by businessmen" and a saying goes," Suzhou and Hangzhou in the south, Linqing and Zhangqiu in the north." Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture is introduced from Shanxi Province in Yuan Dynasty, having a history of 600 years. Historical data says, Zhangqiu was one of the four biggest wood engraving picture bases in the dynasties of Ming and Qing all over the country. The way painters hold the tool with their left hand in Zhangqiu differs from the other places in Shandong Province. Zhangqiu Engraving picture have an immense range of subjects, a various forms, an abundant material, a bold and vigorous line, and an upright-and-foursquare-in-circle painting way. The characters have an exaggerated shapes, thin but wide eyes, clear-lined eyelids, and a thin and narrow nose. Their body are rounded, simple and plump, and the expressions of them are serene. The colour is heavy and thick, which ranges to eight kinds, including light cyan, deep red, light red, deep green, light green, orange red, yellow and blue. In the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of Republic of China (ROC), the three biggest shops of Zhangqiu Wood Engraving picture are Yuanmaoyong, Luxingju, Jingheshun. The pictures sell in Hebei, Shandong, Henan, and northeast of China. In the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Jingheshun moved to Dongchangfu(Liaocheng), which improved the development of Dongchang Wood Engraving picture. As the developing of economy and the value of our country to the national cultural heritage, Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture is picked up again. With the lead of the local government, Qiao Zhengxia, the 12th generation descendant, becomes the chief leader of the research institute of Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture, which is in charge of the sorting and arranging, composing and printing and propagating of Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture. In 2006, Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture was approved as Shandong intangible cultural heritage. In 2008, Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture was approved as China intangible cultural heritage(Series II). In the same year, Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture was shown in the First National Wood Engraving Picture Festival. The experts sing highly of Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture. In May, 2010, The Collection Of Zhangqiu Wood Engraving Picture is published by China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Press. On July 8, 2010 the works attend the Shanghai World Expo. During the Expo, the CPC Central committee, Shanghai Municipal Party Committee secretary, the World Expo organization committee first assistant director committee member and executive committee Director Yu Zhengsheng, and Shandong provincial party committee assistant deputy secretary and Governor leader Jiang Daming personally visited the fall graphic arts exhibition room. They spoke highly of its work, appreciated the technical performance of Qiao Zhenxia- 12th generation of fall graphic arts and commended again and again. Many domestic and foreign audiences cheer with it. "Guangming Daily", "National Cultural relic Newspaper", " QiLu Evening news" and many other media have conducted special propaganda to the works.
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